
Bitcoin is a blockchain-based decentralized digital currency that allows anyone to transfer value over the internet without the need for banks or centralized clearing entities. Decentralization means there is no single controlling authority; instead, the network is maintained collectively by nodes distributed around the world. Bitcoin uses the Proof of Work (PoW) consensus mechanism, where miners compete by providing computational power to validate transactions and create new blocks, making the ledger highly resistant to tampering.
On the Bitcoin network, all transactions are permanently recorded on the blockchain. Private keys serve as cryptographic credentials to control assets, allowing holders full self-custody without relying on third parties. The maximum supply of Bitcoin is capped at 21 million, giving it a clear element of scarcity.
As of 2026-01-04 (source: input data), Bitcoin is priced at approximately $91,332.30, with a circulating supply of 19,971,315 BTC. Both the total and circulating supply stand at 19,971,315 BTC, with a hard cap of 21,000,000 BTC. Its circulating market capitalization is about $1,824,026,132,974.50, and its fully diluted market cap matches this figure. Bitcoin's market dominance is around 55.17%.

Click to view Top Cryptocurrency Market Cap Dominance
The 24-hour trading volume is around $563,136,068.09. The price has changed by approximately 0.04% in the past hour, 1.98% in 24 hours, 4.12% over 7 days, and -1.00% over 30 days.
These figures highlight Bitcoin's leading position and liquidity within the crypto market. Its fixed supply cap combined with market demand drives price fluctuations. Investors should assess timeframes and risk tolerance when making decisions.
Bitcoin was proposed in 2008 by an individual or group using the pseudonym “Satoshi Nakamoto,” who released its open-source whitepaper and software. The global community then launched and maintained the network. Satoshi's design emphasized peer-to-peer (P2P) transfers and distributed ledgers to minimize reliance on central authorities.
Since its inception, the Bitcoin ecosystem has evolved with miners, developers, and users collectively driving technological upgrades and adoption. In recent years, regulated channels—such as legal frameworks and publicly listed products—have enabled institutions and individuals to participate more formally. As of October 2024, multiple jurisdictions allow Bitcoin-related funds or ETFs to be listed, though specific rules vary by region.
Bitcoin records all confirmed transactions on a blockchain—a chronological chain of “blocks,” each containing a batch of transactions and the hash (cryptographic summary) of the previous block. This structure makes transaction history extremely resistant to alteration.
Its consensus mechanism is Proof of Work (PoW): miners use computational power to solve cryptographic puzzles. The first to find a solution that meets the network’s difficulty target gets to add a new block, earning both block rewards and transaction fees. Mining difficulty adjusts dynamically to maintain a stable average block time.
Users initiate transactions via wallets. The private key is the primary credential for asset control, while public keys generate receiving addresses. Once broadcasted to the network, transactions enter the mempool where miners select them based on fee priority. Bitcoin issuance follows a halving schedule: approximately every four years, block rewards are reduced by half until nearly reaching the 21 million BTC cap.
Bitcoin can be used for global value transfer and payments—especially for cross-border remittances and large settlements—reducing intermediaries and time costs. Thanks to its fixed supply and robust security, it is often considered a digital scarce asset suitable for long-term holding and portfolio diversification.
Some countries and institutions access Bitcoin through regulated products such as funds or ETFs, enabling traditional investors to gain exposure via brokerage accounts. Meanwhile, Layer2 solutions like the Lightning Network aim to improve efficiency and reduce costs for small-value, high-frequency payments.
Bitcoin’s long-term value stems primarily from its scarcity, decentralized security model, and network effects. The fixed supply cap ensures resistance to dilution; PoW offers robust security; widespread nodes and users create strong network effects that enhance censorship resistance and sustainability.
Further value drivers include the growth of regulated access channels, increased institutional participation, advancements in Layer2 scaling solutions, and global digitalization trends—all strengthening Bitcoin’s role as a store of value and settlement asset. However, long-term returns depend on adoption pace, regulatory landscape, and technological evolution; investors should only risk what they can afford to lose.
Step 1: Register a Gate account and complete identity verification. Visit gate.com, sign up using your email or phone number, and complete KYC requirements for compliance and withdrawal limits.
Step 2: Fund your account. Deposit via fiat onramps or crypto transfers; common methods include transferring stablecoins like USDT or directly depositing USD/CNY to ensure sufficient balance.
Step 3: Place a spot market order for BTC. Search “BTC,” select your trading pair (e.g., BTC/USDT), then choose between a market order (immediate execution at current price) or limit order (set your own price). Confirm quantity and fees before placing your order.
Step 4: Withdraw BTC to a self-custody wallet for enhanced security. A self-custody wallet means you control your own private keys—double-check the Bitcoin address format before withdrawing; test with a small amount before transferring large sums.
Step 5: Back up your private key or recovery phrase securely. Write down your recovery phrase offline in multiple locations; avoid digital copies or cloud storage to prevent leaks.
Step 6: Maintain ongoing security practices. Enable two-factor authentication (2FA), watch for phishing links or fake support staff; regularly review your holdings and risk exposure, diversify across wallets or use cold storage if needed.
Bitcoin is a decentralized global digital currency secured by Proof of Work consensus with a hard cap of 21 million coins—functioning both as a store of value and cross-border settlement tool. Market data demonstrates its high liquidity and dominant market share; technologically it relies on blockchain integrity maintained by miners. Long-term value depends on scarcity, network effects, regulatory development, and Layer2 scaling progress. In practice, investors can buy BTC via Gate and maximize security with self-custody wallets plus recovery phrase backups—staying alert to regulatory changes and fee dynamics while diversifying risk appropriately. For beginners, starting small with compliant steps is recommended—gradually building familiarity with private keys, transaction processes, and risk management.
A Bitcoin ETF is an investment fund that tracks BTC’s price on stock exchanges; buying BTC directly requires using a crypto exchange. ETFs suit traditional equity investors who don’t want to manage private keys but come with higher annual fees; direct BTC purchases offer more flexibility with lower fees but require you to secure your own wallet. Choose based on your investing habits: if you’re familiar with stock markets, an ETF may be convenient; if you want complete asset control, buying BTC directly on platforms like Gate is preferable.
The main US-listed spot Bitcoin ETFs include BlackRock’s iShares Bitcoin Trust (ticker: BTC), Grayscale’s Grayscale Bitcoin Mini Trust (ticker: BTC), Fidelity’s Fidelity Wise Origin Bitcoin Mini Trust (ticker: FBTC), among others. These ETFs are listed on major US exchanges, tracking spot BTC prices—offering regulated exposure for traditional investors. It’s advisable to compare fees and liquidity before investing.
Yes—you need an account with a brokerage or securities firm (such as a US stock brokerage) since ETFs trade on stock exchanges. In contrast, you can quickly open an account with Gate or similar crypto platforms to buy BTC directly without extensive paperwork. If you already have a brokerage account, buying ETFs is convenient; otherwise, purchasing BTC on Gate may be faster.
Bitcoin ETFs typically charge an annual management fee (expense ratio) ranging from 0.2%–2.5%. This means a portion of your holdings is deducted each year as fees. Directly buying BTC on platforms like Gate incurs lower transaction fees—usually around 0.1%–0.2%, charged only at buy/sell events. Over the long term, ETF management fees add up; choosing lower-cost options or buying BTC directly may be more cost-effective.
Bitcoin ETFs are particularly suitable for beginners familiar with traditional stock markets who want BTC exposure without managing wallets or private keys. ETFs are relatively controlled in terms of risk (transparent pricing on regulated exchanges), with no need to understand wallet technology. However, if you seek full ownership of your BTC or wish to participate in decentralized ecosystems, consider buying spot BTC on Gate combined with secure storage solutions. Always choose an approach aligned with your risk tolerance and operational preferences.
Official Site / Whitepaper:
Development / Documentation:
Leading Media / Research:


