zkML currently faces significant performance bottlenecks. Generating a complete zero-knowledge proof each time makes it difficult for this solution to reach practical application. Production environments have strict requirements for three key metrics—latency, cost, and code maintainability. Full proof generation is basically unsustainable for all parties involved.

To break through the impasse, several directions need to be seriously considered. Modular architecture seems to be a promising approach. By decomposing the proof process and optimizing the critical path, it is possible to greatly reduce computational overhead while ensuring security. This could be the key to making zkML truly usable.