Classification of blockchain architectures

In the world of blockchain technology, there are many different architectural solutions, each with its own characteristics, advantages, and areas of application. Let's consider the main types of blockchain networks:

Open blockchains are decentralized networks with open access, where anyone can participate in the transaction validation process and store a copy of the ledger. Bright examples of such networks are Bitcoin and Ethereum.

Closed blockchains, on the other hand, are controlled by a single organization. Access to such networks is restricted, and only authorized participants can interact with the system.

Consortium blockchains combine features of open and closed networks. The governance of such blockchains is carried out by a group of organizations rather than a single entity.

Hybrid blockchains combine different architectural approaches, such as elements of open and closed networks, to leverage the advantages of each type.

Sidechains are separate blockchains that are linked to the main network. This allows for the transfer of assets between the two chains.

A Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) is an alternative blockchain structure that uses a directed graph instead of a traditional chain of blocks.

Federated blockchains are governed by a group of nodes rather than a single central authority, which provides a certain level of decentralization.

Permissioned blockchains require users to obtain special access before interacting with the network or performing certain operations.

Permissionless blockchains allow any participant to join the network and interact with it without the need for prior authorization.

Corporate blockchains are specifically designed for use by large enterprises, taking into account the requirements for scalability, security, and regulatory compliance.

Features of Choosing Blockchain Architecture

When choosing the appropriate blockchain architecture, it is necessary to consider the specifics of the project, the requirements for security, performance, and the level of decentralization. Each type of blockchain has its strengths and limitations, which should be carefully analyzed before making a decision.

For example, open blockchains provide maximum transparency and resistance to censorship, but may face scalability issues. Closed and corporate blockchains offer high performance and control, but restrict access to the network.

Hybrid and consortium solutions strive to find a balance between openness and control, making them attractive for a range of business applications. Sidechains and federated blockchains enable the creation of more flexible and interconnected ecosystems.

The choice of optimal architecture depends on the specific goals of the project, regulatory requirements, and the technical capabilities of the development team. In some cases, a combination of different approaches may be required to create the most effective solution.