حكمت المحكمة العليا يوم الجمعة بأن الاستخدام الواسع للرسوم الجمركية من قبل الرئيس دونالد ترامب خلال عامه الأول في المكتب كان غير قانوني. وردت المحكمة على تصاعد الاحتجاجات من قبل الشركات الصغيرة التي تحمل تكاليف أعلى وجزء كبير من الأمريكيين الذين يشككون في فوائد نظام الرسوم الجمركية الذي فرضه ترامب. ولكن من خلال إلغاء جزء من جدول أعمال ترامب التجاري، قد يرسل القضاة عجز الولايات المتحدة المتزايد باستمرار إلى مستويات أعلى.
الفيديو الموصى به
الموقف المالي الوطني بالفعل على مسار غير مستدام. كما توقعت مكتب الميزانية بالكونغرس في وقت سابق من هذا الشهر، من المتوقع أن يصل الدين الفيدرالي إلى 120% من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي بحلول عام 2036، لكن هذا التوقع يفترض أن تظل السياسات الحالية قائمة. ويمكن لعاصفة من عوامل أخرى أن تتوافق لدفع الدين إلى ارتفاعات أكبر.
واحدة من تلك العوامل هي مصير الرسوم الجمركية التي فرضها ترامب. لقد تم التخفيف إلى حد ما من خطورة المسار المالي لأمريكا جزئيًا بفضل الإيرادات الناتجة عن الرسوم الجمركية، وفقًا لتقرير نُشر يوم الخميس من قبل لجنة الميزانية الفيدرالية المسؤولة (CRFB)، وهي جهة غير حزبية. إن إزالة هذا المصدر من الإيرادات سيساهم في “سيناريو بديل”، وهو يحمل عبء ديون أكثر حدة من ذلك الذي تتوقعه CBO.
وبافتراض عدم استبدال رسوم ترامب الجمركية، وأن بعض برامج الإنفاق الحكومي تُجعل دائمة أو تُ revived، فإن العجز قد يصل إلى ما يقرب من 4 تريليون دولار، وقد يرتفع الدين إلى 131% من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في عام 2036، وسيصل عبء الفوائد الإضافي إلى 820 مليار دولار، وفقًا للتقرير.
قد تحتوي هذه الصفحة على محتوى من جهات خارجية، يتم تقديمه لأغراض إعلامية فقط (وليس كإقرارات/ضمانات)، ولا ينبغي اعتباره موافقة على آرائه من قبل Gate، ولا بمثابة نصيحة مالية أو مهنية. انظر إلى إخلاء المسؤولية للحصول على التفاصيل.
السيناريو البديل لكارثة ديون وطنية أكبر يلوح في الأفق بعد أن قضت المحكمة العليا بعدم قانونية رسوم ترامب الجمركية
حكمت المحكمة العليا يوم الجمعة بأن الاستخدام الواسع للرسوم الجمركية من قبل الرئيس دونالد ترامب خلال عامه الأول في المكتب كان غير قانوني. وردت المحكمة على تصاعد الاحتجاجات من قبل الشركات الصغيرة التي تحمل تكاليف أعلى وجزء كبير من الأمريكيين الذين يشككون في فوائد نظام الرسوم الجمركية الذي فرضه ترامب. ولكن من خلال إلغاء جزء من جدول أعمال ترامب التجاري، قد يرسل القضاة عجز الولايات المتحدة المتزايد باستمرار إلى مستويات أعلى.
الفيديو الموصى به
الموقف المالي الوطني بالفعل على مسار غير مستدام. كما توقعت مكتب الميزانية بالكونغرس في وقت سابق من هذا الشهر، من المتوقع أن يصل الدين الفيدرالي إلى 120% من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي بحلول عام 2036، لكن هذا التوقع يفترض أن تظل السياسات الحالية قائمة. ويمكن لعاصفة من عوامل أخرى أن تتوافق لدفع الدين إلى ارتفاعات أكبر.
واحدة من تلك العوامل هي مصير الرسوم الجمركية التي فرضها ترامب. لقد تم التخفيف إلى حد ما من خطورة المسار المالي لأمريكا جزئيًا بفضل الإيرادات الناتجة عن الرسوم الجمركية، وفقًا لتقرير نُشر يوم الخميس من قبل لجنة الميزانية الفيدرالية المسؤولة (CRFB)، وهي جهة غير حزبية. إن إزالة هذا المصدر من الإيرادات سيساهم في “سيناريو بديل”، وهو يحمل عبء ديون أكثر حدة من ذلك الذي تتوقعه CBO.
وبافتراض عدم استبدال رسوم ترامب الجمركية، وأن بعض برامج الإنفاق الحكومي تُجعل دائمة أو تُ revived، فإن العجز قد يصل إلى ما يقرب من 4 تريليون دولار، وقد يرتفع الدين إلى 131% من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في عام 2036، وسيصل عبء الفوائد الإضافي إلى 820 مليار دولار، وفقًا للتقرير.
الآلية التي من خلالها تُغذي إيرادات الرسوم الجمركية المختفية العجز بسيطة ولكنها ضخمة في الحجم. حاليًا، يتم تخفيف التوقعات المالية الأساسية لمكتب الميزانية بالاعتماد على فرضية أن الإيرادات الكبيرة من الرسوم الجمركية التي فرضتها إدارة ترامب بشكل أحادي ستستمر في التدفق إلى الخزانة. لكن الأساس القانوني لهذه التحصيلات انهار أمام المحكمة. معظم هذه الرسوم الجمركية كانت مرخصة بموجب قانون Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers Powers 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